Kampala, the capital and largest city of Uganda, is the political, economic, and cultural hub of this landlocked East African nation. Located near the southern border of Uganda, close to Lake Victoria, Kampala holds a significant place in the country’s history and development.
The name “Kampala” originates from the word “Impalas,” referring to a species of antelope. The area that is now Kampala was once a swampy region where these impalas roamed and grazed. The highest concentration of impalas was found at Old Kampala, known locally as “Akasozi Kempala,” meaning “hill of the impalas” in Luganda. This area served as a hunting ground for the king of Buganda and his soldiers, who hunted impalas for food.
Kampala’s journey to becoming a city began in 1890 when Captain Frederick Lugard, who later became Lord Lugard, selected it as the headquarters of the Imperial British East Africa Company. Lugard established a fort on Old Kampala Hill, which remained the administrative center of Uganda’s colonial government until 1905 when the headquarters were moved to Entebbe. In 1962, Kampala, which had been a municipality since 1949, was designated the capital of independent Uganda. Today, Kampala is organized into sectors that separate parliamentary and commercial buildings, industry, and residential areas, reflecting its growth and modernization.
1. Location: Kampala is situated in the southern part of Uganda, approximately 40 kilometers (25 miles) from the shores of Lake Victoria. It is the country’s most populous city.
2. Geography: The city is built across a series of hills and valleys, which gives it a varied and scenic topography. Lake Victoria and the Entebbe Peninsula are to the south, providing access to water-based activities.
3. Economy: Kampala’s economy is diverse and includes finance, trade, industry, and services. The city is home to Uganda’s central bank and the Uganda Securities Exchange. It is also a hub for businesses and organizations operating in East Africa.
4. Culture: Kampala is a melting pot of cultures, languages, and ethnic groups. The majority of its residents are of the Baganda ethnic group, but it is also home to people from various regions of Uganda and expatriates from around the world. This cultural diversity is reflected in the city’s food, music, and festivals.
5. Attractions: Kampala offers a range of attractions and points of interest, including:
- Kasubi Tombs: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, these tombs are the burial grounds of the kings of Buganda and offer insights into the history and culture of the Baganda people.
- Namugongo Martyrs’ Shrine: This important religious site commemorates the Christian martyrs who were executed for their faith in the late 19th century.
- Kampala Serena Hotel: A luxurious hotel offering accommodation, dining, and entertainment options.
- Uganda Museum: It houses a collection of artifacts that showcase Uganda’s cultural and historical heritage.
- Owino Market and Nakasero Market: Vibrant markets where you can shop for local products, crafts, and food.
6. Transportation: Kampala is well-connected by road, and it serves as a transportation hub for Uganda. The city has a mix of modern and traditional modes of transportation, including matatus (minibuses), boda-bodas (motorcycle taxis), and public buses.
7. Education: Kampala is home to several universities, including Makerere University, one of the oldest and most prestigious in East Africa.
8. Challenges: Like many rapidly growing African cities, Kampala faces challenges related to urbanization, including traffic congestion, inadequate infrastructure, and waste management. Efforts are ongoing to address these issues and improve the quality of life in the city.
Kampala is a dynamic and bustling city with a rich cultural heritage, and it plays a significant role in Uganda’s development and international relations as the country’s capital. Visitors to Kampala can explore its historical and cultural sites, enjoy its diverse cuisine, and experience the vibrant energy of this East African metropolis.
How many hills make up Kampala?
Kampala, the capital city of Uganda, is often referred to as the “City of Seven Hills.” These seven prominent hills historically played a significant role in the city’s development and geography. While Kampala has expanded beyond these seven hills, they remain integral to the city’s identity. The seven hills of Kampala are:
Some of the hills that initially made up Kampala.
- Kibuli Hill: This hill is known for the Kibuli Mosque, one of the prominent mosques in Kampala. It offers panoramic views of the city.
- Namirembe Hill: The Namirembe Anglican Cathedral, also known as St. Paul’s Cathedral, is located on this hill. It is one of the oldest cathedrals in Uganda and provides a beautiful view of the city.
- Old Kampala Hill: This hill is home to the historic Old Kampala Mosque (Gaddafi Mosque), which is one of the largest mosques in East Africa. It was formerly known as the Uganda National Mosque.
- Makerere Hill: Makerere University, one of Africa’s most prestigious universities, is situated on this hill. The university has a rich history and plays a significant role in education and research in the region.
- Kasubi Hill: The Kasubi Tombs, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the burial grounds of Buganda kings, are located on this hill. The tombs provide insight into the cultural and historical heritage of the Baganda people.
- Nsambya Hill: Nsambya Hospital, a well-known medical facility, is situated on this hill. It also hosts various religious institutions.
- Rubaga Hill: Rubaga Cathedral, also known as St. Mary’s Cathedral, is located on this hill. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kampala.
While these seven hills are notable, Kampala has expanded far beyond its original boundaries, and the city now encompasses many more neighborhoods and areas that extend beyond these hills. However, the “City of Seven Hills” remains a symbolic representation of Kampala’s history and geography. Currently, Kampala is said to have over 27 hills.
Kampala City, Old park